Your Legal Rights as a Worker
Whether you are part of the organized or unorganized sector, Indian labour laws provide you with protections related to wages, safety, job security, and dignity at work.
1. Right to Fair Wages
- Code on Wages, 2019: Entitles every worker to minimum wages and timely payment.
- State governments revise minimum wage rates based on industry and region.
2. Job Security & Termination Protections
- Industrial Disputes Act, 1947: Permanent employees can't be terminated without notice and proper cause.
- Wrongful termination can be challenged before Labour Courts or Industrial Tribunals.
3. Right to Unionize
- Trade Unions Act, 1926: Workers have the right to form or join unions and collectively bargain.
- Employers cannot discriminate against union members.
4. Social Security (Organized Sector)
- EPF Act: Monthly retirement savings deducted from salary; matched by employer.
- ESI Act: Health coverage for workers earning below ₹21,000/month in eligible firms.
5. Rights for Unorganized Workers
- Unorganized Workers' Social Security Act, 2008: Covers domestic workers, construction workers, gig workers, etc.
- e-Shram Portal: Enables unorganized workers to register for pensions, insurance, and welfare schemes.
6. Workplace Safety
- Occupational Safety Code, 2020: Ensures health and safety measures in factories, construction, and mining.
7. Women Workers’ Rights
- Maternity Benefit Act, 1961: 26 weeks of paid maternity leave for eligible women employees.
- POSH Act, 2013: Protection from sexual harassment in all workplaces, mandatory ICC setup.
8. How to Get Help
- Approach the Labour Commissioner of your district for complaints or disputes.
- File a case before the Labour Court for wage claims, termination issues, or harassment.
Tip: Keep employment contracts, payslips, appointment letters, and screenshots (if relevant) to support your case.